Cassava is mainly grown in intercrops with beans, maize and bananas. Pdf cassava production and utilization in the coastal. Nigeria is the worlds largest producer of cassava, while thailand is the largest exporter of dried cassava. Numerous diseases hinder cassava growth and have received extensive attention in the agronomic literature, particularly. Cassava growing for food security in kenya globalgiving. Cassava food and agriculture organization of the united nations. This tool, a modified gender analysis matrix gam, was tested by kari researchers from kisii regional research center and during an exante evaluation of introduced pestresistant cassava varieties in migori district. Whyte 2 1international institute of tropical agriculture, ibadan, nigeria 2international institute of tropical agriculture, kampala, uganda abstract since its foundation in 1967, the international institute of tropical agriculture. However, the western, coastal and semiarid eastern regions of kenya have the highest production in that order. Cassava is an indigenous crop that is fast growing and well adapted to the dry environment. Howeler1 abstract the paper describes research results obtained in the development of improved cultural practices, such as time and method of planting, weed control. The 1992 collaborative study on cassava in africa cosca, a comprehensive study of cassava production and utilization in africa, found that cash income from cassava production accounted for % of cassavaproducing household income in ghana.
Agronomic practices for sustainable cassava production in asia reinhardt h. Successful restoration of cassava production in western kenya. In order to grow a healthy crop of cassava you will need to combine plant production and plant protection practices. In this regard, the cassava value chain project was funded by kapp to enhance cassava production, processing and marketing in kenya and beyond our borders, especially the common market for eastern. It is one of the most droughttolerant crops, capable of growing on marginal soils. In status of data on cassava in major producing countries in africa. The plant cannot stand water logging which makes tubers rot. The figure shows that cassava production has been increasing from 1960s to early 1990s when production started to decline during 199294.
Traditional cassava utilization in kenya is limited to roasting and boiling of fresh. Cassava grows in most soils, even poor soils in liberia. Cassava is the second most important food root crop in kenya. Highlights of the cassava value chain pre production production post production sales. Cassava production has progressively increased in the last few years especially. His community would like to expand the project by purchasing a mill so that flour can be produced and food products made. Despite its strategic role in reducing hunger among smallholder farmers in africa the crop also holds high industrial potential. This gorta self help africa project is expected to increase food security, nutrition and income among 12,000 smallholder households, specifically a 50% increase in disposable income of target farmers and access for households to sufficient food. Owned by the east african common services organization, this station was founded at the beginning of the 20th century. This disease has adversely affected cassava production in many areas especially in western kenya.
It is estimated that more than 300 000 households in western kenya and 80. Cassava manihot esculenta is a staple crop that is important for food security in the tropics. Cassava based napier grass silage for increased milk yield during the dry season in coastal kenya end of project report compiled by. Jan 05, 2018 cassava is the thirdlargest source of food carbohydrates in the tropics, after rice and maize. Cassava farming practices and their agricultural and. Cassava is an important staple food for consumption and income generation for farming communities in western kenya. Figure 1 highlights some of our cassava integrated value chain findings. Muli kenya agricultural research institute, mtwapa, p. Cameroon, cote dlvoire, ghana, nigeria, tanzania, uganda and zaire. Malawi and zambia governments and specialized international agencies have successfully promoted cassava production in malawi and zambia in order to reduce drought vulnerability and dependency on maize monocropping. Pdf cassava farming transforming livelihoods among. The cassava starch will be then either dehydrated or submitted to natural fermentation for the production of a sour cassava starch. Howeler1 abstract the paper describes research results obtained in the development of improved cultural practices, such as time and method of planting, weed control, fertilization, intercropping and erosion control.
I department of agricultural economics michael okpara university of agriculture, umudike, abia state. According to 2014 data by fao, kenyas annual cassava fresh root production is estimated at 662,405 tons, against an estimated annual demand of 301,200 tons of dried cassava and 1,204,800 metric tons of fresh roots one ton of cassava flour is obtained from four tons of fresh cassava roots. A socioeconomic analysis of cassava production in kwale county, kenya nderitu moses1, benjamin mutai2 and symon kiprop3 1department of agriculture, kwale county government, p. Cassava is abundant in subsaharan africa, and could be an ideal crop to improve food security for millions of people. Therefore, a wide range of agricultural and environmental outcomes should be considered when cassava farming practices are recommended as. One part of s orghum was added to 2 parts of cassava and ground into flour, the resulting paste was called mutama. Abass, elifatio towo, ivor mukuka, richardson okechukwu, roger ranaivoson, gbassey tarawali and edward kanju. Pdf cassava food processing and utilization in kenya.
The trend in cassava production is shown in figure 2. Cassava development in uganda food and agriculture. Show me cassava, and ill mill money from it daily nation. Its goal has been to achieve economic empowerment of the community. Overall overview of cassava production, processing and exports, and its impacts on the environment 1. However, cassava farming can have severe environmental impacts, such as habitat destruction and soil degradation, if it is not carefully managed. Sustainable intensification of cassava production is the subject of this guide, the.
Cassava integrated project for food security poverty. This disease has adversely affected cassava production in. Unfermented cassava paste is used in the production of several products such as. Michael murigi, 3rd year pathways scholar, has made tremendous progress in introducing cassava growing to his community. It is grown mainly by smallholder farmers for food to. Cassava market and value chain analysis uganda case study. Often lower mealybug population equilibria were reached only after several years. Fish and livestock production are other components of food production and together with food crops constitute food security in kenya. We include global information but focus on africa, particularly nigeria, ghana, uganda, and tanzania. Production of these food crops have increased in the recent years. Cassava bacterial blight and postharvest physiological deterioration katie panhorst harris, andrew martin, production losses and control strategies samantha novak, soohyung kim, epar brief no. Cassava farmer field schools food and agriculture organization.
Kenya grows and consumes 60% of national cassava production. Cassava, therefore, will be a favoured source of cheap carbohydrates in the countryside and will also continue to serve as a food security crop. Burundi, uganda, kenya, tanzania, malawi, mozambique and zambia. Michael murigi, 3rd year pathways scholar, has made tremendous progress in introducing cassava growing.
Cassava food processing and utilization in kenya tmnsformation et. Issues for research towards intensive commercial production of cassava in africa. Cultivation and production of cassava crop in the region is constrained by biotic and abiotic factors. Pdf cassava is the second most important food root crop in kenya. What do you think of written documents provisory land title to. Kenyas annual cassava fresh root production is estimated at 662,405 tonnes, against an annual demand of 301,200 tonnes of dried cassava, and 1,204,800 metric tonnes of fresh roots, according to.
Introduction cassava manihot esculenta crantz is the second largest crop production in cambodia after rice. Governments and specialized international agencies have successfully promoted cassava production in malawi and zambia in order to reduce drought vulnerability and dependency on maize monocropping. Growing cassava a training manual from production to postharvest adebayo b. In a recent report, food security and poverty alleviation initiative in the oic member states of subsaharan africa. Kenya farmers increase cassava yields and income self. Despite its high production in the coastal and western regions, utilization is limited to human consumption. Farmers in western kenya and major cassava growing areas were struggling to produce enough food for their families and communities because of poor land, lowyielding varieties and a crop disease that decimated their staple food crop, cassava. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
The manual was compiled by ms marjon fredrix of faos plant production. This requires cassava processing into quality end products. Cyanogenic content, aflatoxin level and quality of dried. Site selection choose an accessible welldrained fertile soil.
Water management tools for cassava growers in ganze sub. Economics of biological control of cassava mealybug in africa. For best yield results, it is wise to choose light soils or loamy soils with flat or gentle slopes. Cassava is the thirdlargest source of food carbohydrates in the tropics, after rice and maize. Box 16 80109 mtwapa abstract cassava is both a food and an income source. Despite its high production in the coastal and western regions, utilization.
Elsevier field crops research 44 1995 151157 field crops research increasing crop productivity in cassava by fertilizing production of planting material javier l6pez molina, mabrouk a. A preamble to cassava integrated project, of sesrtcic in july 2007. Cassava is one of the main root crops grown and consumed in most parts of east africa, and africa at large. Varieties the following varieties are recommended for their high yield and processing quality. One of the reasons for the decline was lack of market for cassava. Cassava integrated value chain evans school of public. Cassava bacterial blight and postharvest physiological. Abstract experiments were conducted in 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons in south west nigeria to investigate the yield per. Pilot use of onfarm vouchers crop to disseminate cassava. Most cassava species mature at about 12 months after planting. Because quality is so important, farmer inspection is critical.
Republic of the congo, kenya and uganda, with a focus on cassava farmer field schools. Smallholder farmers encountered challenges in cassava production, cassava utilisation and cassava. Stony soils are not suitable for cassava production. Eight aspects of cassava production labour, time, tools, land, cash, funds, food and social standing. Ibadan, the worlds production of cassava as at 1959 was analyzed as shown below, through the analysis, africa was the highestgreatest producer and consumer of cassava root and food respectively. Busia countys treasure hidden in cassava farming the ministry of agriculture in partnership with kenya agricultural and livestock research organization kalro launched the project in a move to distribute improved cassava tuber varieties. Ksh771m project launched to boost cassava production in kenya. In the coastal lowlands of kenya, it is widely grown, mainly for domestic consumption. Cassava can become africas new cash crop working in. Pdf cassava production and utilization in the coastal, eastern and. The contribution of iitaimproved cassava to food security. Introduction cassava manihot esculenta crantz is a.
When intercropped with maize, plant cassava on the top and maize on the side of the ridge or mound. Most of the cassava production of tanzania 84% is for human consumption, and the remainder is used for animal feed, alcohol brewing, and starch production. Kenya is experiencing severe drought and acute food shortages. The value chain analysis highlighted the extent to which prices for both dried and fresh cassava are high in early to mid2012, reflecting a shortage of supply of roots. In many districts of western region of kenya, cassava is the staple food crop. They further thank the international institute of tropical agriculture iita for its great commitment to the production of this manual. Therefore, a wide range of agricultural and environmental outcomes should be considered when cassava farming practices are recommended as good. The cassava system cropping guide is a practical 64 manual focusing on good agricultural practices for cassava production that promote integrated soil fertility management. Dec 15, 2018 cassava manihot esculenta is a staple crop that is important for food security in the tropics. On the basis of current projections, it is expected that by 2020, over 60 percent of global cassava production will be in subsaharan africa, where economic growth will be slow but population growth fast. Cassava is identified as one of the emerging market oriented commodities that. Catalysing private sector investment in kenyas cassava value chain.
Use of cassava as a cash crop could increase its production to full potential. The l values for cassava flour was in the range of 95. Cassava farming transforming livelihoods among smallholder farmers in mutomo a semiarid district in kenya. There is great potential for further production increases under optimal conditions, cassava yields can reach 80 tonnes per hectare, compared to the current world average yield of just 12.
This manual is designed to be both a teaching aid for cassava training sessions and a convenient reference for those involved in the production and posthawest technology of. Farmers perceptions of production constraints and preferences in cassava grown in semiarid areas of kenya joseph kamau1, rob melis2, mark laing2, paul shanahan2, jon derera2, kahiu ngugi3 and yusuf migwa1 1kalrokatumani, kenya 2university of kwazulunatal, south africa 3university of nairobi corresponding author a b s t r a c t. Cassava is a source of income for many cassavaproducing households in africa. This is mainly due to lack of information especially in terms of the processing steps and the rate of substitution of cassava for maize in the commercial animal feeds. Cassava food processing and utilization in kenya introduction cassava is grown virtually throughout kenya. One of the reasons for the decline in cassava production in the recent years has been the emergence of the cassava mosaic disease cmd in eastern africa. Cassava development in uganda food and agriculture organization. Kenyas annual production is comparatively very low and stands at 700,000 mt uganda is the sixth largest producer of cassava in africa, with current annual production of about 5. Cassava can be processed into so many byproducts, but we will be concerned about garri. According to that study, the most influential reasons for yield drop include the decline in soil fertility, invasion of pests and diseases, and the use of poor planting materials.
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